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Summary: Water-soluble acid used for surface-level exfoliation and improving skin texture.

Alpha hydroxy acids are a group of acids with a hydroxyl group (-OH) on the first carbon atom (α position) next to the acid group. Common AHAs include glycolic acid, lactic acid, mandelic acid, and citric acid. These acids are water-soluble and work on the surface of the skin by loosening the bonds between dead skin cells, allowing them to shed more easily. This process encourages cell turnover and can lead to smoother skin and a more even tone. AHAs are often used to target dullness, rough texture, or visible signs of sun damage.